The prostate is a small walnut-shaped gland present in men that help in the nourishment and transportation of sperm. Irregular growth of the prostate is termed prostate cancer. Many times, cancerous cells remain dormant from the immunology while others grow very aggressively. The aggressive cancerous cells spread very quickly in the body. There is a high chance that they spread outside the organ and travel to other parts of the body and infect them also. Early diagnosis of prostate cancer can be treated very easily but late diagnosis at an advanced stage makes the treatment tougher and harder.

Causes of prostate cancer

The actual reason for prostate cancer is still unknown yet many factors are responsible for causing this.

Age – The risk of prostate cancer increases with age. It may be due to some mutations of cells concerning generation.

Family history – If there is a family history of prostate cancer that runs in your family, then you also have some chances of being suffered as the cells inside your body are somatic.

Obesity – Obesity is among the common risk factors for prostate cancer. The fat deposition obstructs the physiological changes and causes a mutation in the prostate cells.

Smoking – The risk of cancer increases with smoking. 

Race - It is also an essential factor. Various researches confirm that black men have a higher risk of suffering from prostate cancer than men of other races in comparison to white.

Symptoms

• Trouble while urinating
• A decrease in the flow of urination
• Increase in frequency and nocturia
• The feeling of discomfort in the pelvic region
• Erectile dysfunction
• Burning sensation while urinating
• Blood in the urine (Haematuria)
• Painful ejaculation
• Loss of weight and appetite
• Pain in back and hips

Management and treatment of Prostate Cancer

For diagnosis, Serum PSA test and DRE are preferred.

Surgery - Surgery is a preferred option for the initial stage to reduce the symptoms and provide a definitive cure. But it has many complications.

Hormonal and Chemotherapy – These are the preferred options when the cancer is in an advanced stage and is inoperable.

Localized therapy like radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and Cryotherapy uses localization techniques for the treatment of prostate cancer.

Remember, early detection means a better outcome of treatment and many times a complete cure for cancer.